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How to Grow Nasturtium

Tropaeolum majus

Half Hardy Warm Season

Nasturtiums are easy annuals for full sun and free-draining, poorer soils—rich feeding gives more leaves than flowers. Sow where they are to grow after frost or start in modules for earlier colour. Trailing and climbing types quickly cover edges and supports. Edible leaves, flowers, and seedpods add peppery bite. Water in dry spells, and expect aphids—plants often act as a sacrificial decoy. Self-seeds readily for future displays.

When to Start

Sow indoors 3 weeks before last frost, or direct sow outdoors after frost risk has passed and soil reaches 10°C.

Don't know your frost date? Find it here →

Growth Stages

Sow seeds
Day 0
Germination
~10 days
Flowering
~55 days
Seed to harvest
~55 days

Approximate days from start

Care Essentials

  • Don't feed — poor soil produces more flowers. Rich soil produces all leaves.
  • Excellent trap crop — attracts blackfly away from beans. Edible and ornamental. Thrives on neglect.

Companion Planting

Cabbage, Broccoli, Cauliflower

Growing Conditions

Min. soil temperature
10°C+
Germination temperature
12–18°C

Pet Safety

Cats: Non-toxic
Dogs: Non-toxic
Source

Don't know your frost date? Find it here

Spacing & Planting

Plant spacing 30 cm
Row spacing 45 cm
Sow depth 2 cm
Mature height 30 cm
Mature spread 45 cm

For mounding varieties. Vining/climbing types can be spaced similarly at the base of a support or allowed to trail as ground cover.

Try our spacing calculator →

Companion Planting

Grows well with

Cabbage
Broccoli
Kale
Cucumber
Radish
Tomato
Pumpkin
Courgette

Check more companion combinations →

Pests & Diseases

Pest Black Bean Aphid (Blackfly)

Identification: Dense colonies of black aphids on stems, leaves, and flower buds, sticky honeydew, sooty mould

Organic treatment:
  • Squash colonies by hand or blast off with water
  • Encourage ladybirds, lacewings, and hoverflies
  • Remove heavily infested shoots and dispose of them
  • Soft soap spray
Chemical treatment:
  • Pyrethrum-based contact spray (rarely needed on a trap crop)
Pest Cabbage White Caterpillars

Identification: Large ragged holes in leaves, green-yellow caterpillars with black markings, clusters of yellow eggs on leaf undersides

Organic treatment:
  • Hand-pick caterpillars and eggs
  • Allow natural predators (birds, parasitic wasps)
  • Accept some damage — nasturtiums recover quickly
Chemical treatment:
  • Rarely warranted on ornamental plants
Pest Slugs and Snails

Identification: Seedlings eaten overnight, irregular holes in young leaves, slime trails

Organic treatment:
  • Beer traps near sowing areas
  • Start in modules and plant out as sturdy transplants
  • Nematode biological control (Nemaslug)
Chemical treatment:
  • Ferric phosphate pellets (wildlife-safe)
Disease Bacterial Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae

Symptoms: Dark, water-soaked spots on leaves that enlarge and dry out, leaves may yellow and drop

Treatment: Remove affected leaves promptly. Avoid overhead watering.

Prevention: Space plants for airflow. Water at the base. Remove plant debris at end of season.

Disease Powdery Mildew Erysiphe cruciferarum

Symptoms: White powdery coating on leaves, leaves yellow and become distorted, reduced vigour

Treatment: Remove badly affected leaves. Improve air circulation.

Prevention: Space plants well. Avoid drought stress. Grow in full sun with good airflow.

Growing Conditions

Min. soil temperature10°C
Germination temperature12–18°C
Base growth temperature8°C
Min. daylength to start10.5h
Photoperiod sensitivityday neutral

Frequently Asked Questions

How far apart should I plant Nasturtium?
Plant Nasturtium 30cm apart with 45cm between rows.
When does Nasturtium flower?
Nasturtium typically flowers approximately 45 days after transplanting.
What grows well with Nasturtium?
Nasturtium grows well with cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower.
Is Nasturtium frost hardy?
Nasturtium is classified as Half Hardy.

Calculate your harvest date →