How to Grow Nasturtium
Tropaeolum majus
When to Start
Sow indoors 3 weeks before last frost, or direct sow outdoors after frost risk has passed and soil reaches 10°C.
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Growth Stages
Approximate days from start
Care Essentials
- Don't feed — poor soil produces more flowers. Rich soil produces all leaves.
- Excellent trap crop — attracts blackfly away from beans. Edible and ornamental. Thrives on neglect.
Companion Planting
9 companion planting cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower
Growing Conditions
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- Sow indoors
- —
- Transplant out
- —
- First harvest
- —
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Spacing & Planting
| Plant spacing | 30 cm |
| Row spacing | 45 cm |
| Sow depth | 2 cm |
| Mature height | 30 cm |
| Mature spread | 45 cm |
For mounding varieties. Vining/climbing types can be spaced similarly at the base of a support or allowed to trail as ground cover.
Companion Planting
Grows well with
Nasturtiums preferentially attract cabbage aphids with their glucosinolate-rich foliage, drawing colonies away from cabbage heads before they establish. Plant a ring outside the cabbage row and remove infested stems weekly.
▼Nasturtiums lure cabbage aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae) onto their own stems, keeping broccoli heads clean during the critical pre-harvest window. Position them upwind so winged aphids land on nasturtiums first.
▼Nasturtiums serve as a decoy for aphids and whitefly that would target cauliflower curds, while their bright flowers simultaneously attract hoverflies — natural aphid predators.
▼Nasturtiums concentrate aphid colonies on their soft stems through trap cropping, sparing kale leaves. Their volatile mustard oils also attract parasitic wasps that lay eggs inside aphids.
▼Nasturtiums draw aphids and cucumber beetles away from cucurbit vines through trap cropping, while their sprawling habit provides ground-level humidity retention that cucumbers prefer.
▼Nasturtiums attract flea beetles — a primary radish pest — to their larger, softer leaves, significantly reducing shot-hole damage on radish foliage. Interplant at bed edges.
▼Nasturtiums repel whitefly from tomatoes through chemical masking of host-plant volatiles, and attract aphids away as a trap crop. Their trailing growth also provides ground cover that reduces soil splash onto lower tomato leaves.
▼Nasturtiums lure squash bugs and cucumber beetles away from pumpkin vines via trap cropping, while their flowers attract native bees that improve pumpkin pollination rates.
▼Nasturtiums act as a trap crop for aphids and whitefly targeting courgette plants, concentrating pest pressure away from developing fruits. Their ground-hugging growth also reduces moisture loss around the courgette root zone.
▼Care Guide
- Feeding
- Don't feed — poor soil produces more flowers. Rich soil produces all leaves.
- Watch for
-
- Blackfly (use as a trap crop)
- Cabbage white caterpillars
- Large white butterfly
Pests & Diseases
Pest Black Bean Aphid (Blackfly)
Identification: Dense colonies of black aphids on stems, leaves, and flower buds, sticky honeydew, sooty mould
- Squash colonies by hand or blast off with water
- Encourage ladybirds, lacewings, and hoverflies
- Remove heavily infested shoots and dispose of them
- Soft soap spray
- Pyrethrum-based contact spray (rarely needed on a trap crop)
Pest Cabbage White Caterpillars
Identification: Large ragged holes in leaves, green-yellow caterpillars with black markings, clusters of yellow eggs on leaf undersides
- Hand-pick caterpillars and eggs
- Allow natural predators (birds, parasitic wasps)
- Accept some damage — nasturtiums recover quickly
- Rarely warranted on ornamental plants
Pest Slugs and Snails
Identification: Seedlings eaten overnight, irregular holes in young leaves, slime trails
- Beer traps near sowing areas
- Start in modules and plant out as sturdy transplants
- Nematode biological control (Nemaslug)
- Ferric phosphate pellets (wildlife-safe)
Disease Bacterial Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae
Symptoms: Dark, water-soaked spots on leaves that enlarge and dry out, leaves may yellow and drop
Treatment: Remove affected leaves promptly. Avoid overhead watering.
Prevention: Space plants for airflow. Water at the base. Remove plant debris at end of season.
Disease Powdery Mildew Erysiphe cruciferarum
Symptoms: White powdery coating on leaves, leaves yellow and become distorted, reduced vigour
Treatment: Remove badly affected leaves. Improve air circulation.
Prevention: Space plants well. Avoid drought stress. Grow in full sun with good airflow.
Growing Conditions
| Min. soil temperature | 10°C |
| Germination temperature | 12–18°C |
| Base growth temperature | 8°C |
| Min. daylength to start | 10.5h |
| Photoperiod sensitivity | day neutral |
Frequently Asked Questions
- How far apart should I plant Nasturtium?
- Plant Nasturtium 30cm apart with 45cm between rows.
- When does Nasturtium flower?
- Nasturtium typically flowers approximately 45 days after transplanting.
- What grows well with Nasturtium?
- Nasturtium grows well with cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower.
- Is Nasturtium frost hardy?
- Nasturtium is classified as Half Hardy.
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